Internet of Things Enabled Low-Cost and Portable Multi-Parameter Water Quality Testing System for Environmental Monitoring Applications

Pooja N. Sawant; Ganesh S. Nhivekar; Sachin S. Panhalkar; Rajanish K. Kamat; Yojana Y. Patil; Tukaram D. Dongale

doi:10.7250/csimq.2025-43.05

Internet of Things Enabled Low-Cost and Portable Multi-Parameter Water Quality Testing System for Environmental Monitoring Applications

Authors

Pooja N. Sawant School of Nanoscience and Biotechnology, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, 416004, India
Ganesh S. Nhivekar Department of Electronics, Yashavantrao Chavan Institute of Science, Satara, 415001, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6616-6586
Sachin S. Panhalkar Department of Geography and Center for Climate Change and Sustainability Studies, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, 416004, India
Rajanish K. Kamat Dr. Homi Bhabha State University, 15, Madam Cama Road, Mumbai, 400032, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5779-2614
Yojana Y. Patil School of Nanoscience and Biotechnology, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, 416004, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0765-8310
Tukaram D. Dongale School of Nanoscience and Biotechnology, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, 416004, India and Functional Materials and Materials Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, 600077, Tamil Nadu, India https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2536-6132

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.7250/csimq.2025-43.05

Keywords:

Water Quality, Environment, Sensors, Microcontroller, IoT

Abstract

Monitoring and testing of different water parameters play a vital role in water safety. The traditional analytical instruments of water testing are labor-intensive, require trained staff, and are difficult to operate in the field, owing to their non-portability. Considering these issues, the present work reports the development of an Internet of Things (IoT) enabled low-cost multi-parameter water testing system. The proposed system can measure the turbidity, pH, temperature, and conductivity properties of water samples. The proposed system was developed around a low-cost Arduino UNO R3 microcontroller. The system was designed in such a way that it can operate on a 12V rechargeable battery. Therefore, the system can be moved to the field, and important water parameters can be measured. The total cost of the entire system was comparatively low, suggesting the proposed system can be used by economically weak communities. The system was tested with real water samples, and the results are compared with commercial water parameters testing systems. The results of the proposed system are well in agreement with the commercial systems, suggesting its effectiveness for on and off-field water analysis of resource-limited areas.

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